100 Questions

Welcome to your 100 Questions

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What size print will show the entire image from a camera with a sensor that has a 2:3 aspect ratio?

A. 20x24

B. 16x24

C. 11x14

D. 8x10

Which one of the following characteristics of an inkjet paper affects the archival quality of a print?

A. Thickness

B. Acid content

C. Surface texture

D. Ink adsorption

When sending digital files to a magazine for publication, the preferred color space is

A. Adobe RGB

B. sRGB

C. CMYK

D. Pro Photo RGB

During an environmental session using natural light, the subject has good catchlights in the eyes, but flat lighting on the face. The best way to improve this situation would be to use a

A. fill light adjustment in post-production

B. contrast adjustment in post-production

C. black reflector to create a shadow side of the subject

D. silver reflector to illuminate the shadow side of the subject

Increasing the ISO also increases the risk of introducing

A. lens flare

B. digital noise

C. chromatic aberration

D. moiré

The most precise method of calibrating a computer monitor is by

A. visually observing the monitor while manually adjusting the monitor color control

B. manually adjusting the monitor to the printer’s factory setting

C. using a hardware profiler to create a monitor profile

D. using the operating system software and selecting the "auto" setting for monitor calibration

To create a portrait of a model in a standing S-curve pose, the model would

A. place the weight evenly on both feet and bend one arm

B. place the weight evenly on both feet and bend both arms

C. place the weight on the back foot and bend the front knee

D. place the weight on the front foot and bend the back knee

Dust on the sensor will appear on an image as

A. light a blurry imperfections

B. dark and blurry imperfections

C. white circles

D. blown out pixels

You are doing a low key portrait of a senior. Which of the following props would not be a good choice?

A. A black vase

B. A pink pillow

C. An oak chair

D. A red rose

The "dynamic range" of a sensor represents the ratio between the

A. lightest and darkest values

B. resolution and bit depth

C. contrast and noise

D. image sharpness and resolution

Which of the following lighting modifiers would be best for keeping stray light from the main light from striking the background?

A. Scrim

B. Translucent panel

C. Snoot

D. Flag

You are creating a head shot of a female executive who has something of a "full" face. Which of the following lighting styles will be the most flattering?

A. Short lighting

B. Broad lighting

C. Split lighting

D. Flat lighting

During an environmental session using natural light, the subject has good catchlights in the eyes, but flat lighting on the face. The best way to improve this situation would be to use a

A. fill light adjustment in post-production

B. contrast adjustment in post-production

C. black reflector to create a shadow side of the subject

D. silver reflector to illuminate the shadow side of the subject.

When creating a full-length portrait of a drill team member, the best placement for the camera to minimize distortion is...

A. The camera at eye level with the lens level to the ground

B. The camera at shoulder level with a slight tilt upward

C. The camera at waist level with a slight tilt upward

D. The camera at waist level with the lens level to the ground

Give an equivalent exposure to F11 @ 1/15.

A. F11 @ 1/30

B. F8 @ 1/15

C. F8 @ 1/8

D. F16 @ 1/8

You are photographing a family in October with the leaves in fall color. Which of the following clothing colors represents an analogous color scheme?

A. Reds and oranges

B. Purples and blues

C. Blacks and browns

D. Blacks and whites

Which of the following file types would be best for preserving layers for editing at a later time?

A. GIF

B. PDF

C. JPG

D. PSD

Increasing the size of the light source will make the light

A. harder

B. softer

C. brighter

D. warmer

Which of the following negatively impacts the preservation of a printed image?

A. Low temperatures

B. Low humidity

C. UV light

D. Acid-free matting

A histogram shows the brightness value of all the ___________ in an image.

A. shadows

B. pixels

C. highlights

D. contrast

What type of meter allows accurate reflective readings from a distance by isolating a tiny portion of a scene to be measured?

A. A flat disk meter

B. Incident meter

C. Spot meter

D. An ambient light meter

Which of the following would provide the best option for file storage?

A. Individual external hard drives

B. External hard drives in a RAID array

C. DVD's

D. 16GB jump drives

Why are flat diffusers used on a meter?

A. To measure the light reflecting off the subject

B. To measure the light coming from multiple light sources simultaneously

C. To make comparative measurements of light reflecting off the subject from multiple directions

D. To make comparative measurements of light coming from specific directions

When selecting a computer to process digital images, which of the following should be given priority?

A. A fast CPU and a large amount of RAM

B. A fast video card and a 2 TB hard drive

C. HDMI monitor output and a fast CPU

D. Large amount of RAM and 2 TB hard drive

What is the effective focal length of a 200mm lens on a camera with a 1.3 crop factor?

A. 260mm

B. 300mm

C. 230mm

D. 60mm

When photographing a subject’s face in a two-thirds portrait view, which of the following head positions is correct?

A. A small sliver of skin should be visible between the background and the eye furthest from the camera

B. The nose should protrude slightly into the background

C. The plane of the eye furthest from the camera should intersect with the background

D. The ear furthest from the camera should be slightly in view

A dark, rectangular section at one end of a horizontal image indicates

A. a problem with the SD card

B. a lens hood that is too small for the lens

C. a finger in front of the lens

D. a syncronazation issue with the flash

The "angle of view" of a 200mm lens would would help a photographer

A. Include more of the background as it relates to the subject

B. Make the subject appear further away from the background

C. Isolate the best part of a busy background as it relates to the subject

D. keep the subject and the background in focus

To avoid creating a silhouette of a backlit subject,

A. Take the exposure from the lighting falling on the back of the subject

B. Take the exposure from the light falling on the front of the subject

C. Expose for the darkest point of the background

D. Expose for the brightest point of the background

If you move the f-stop from F5.6 to F8, what happens to the amount of light that reaches the sensor?

A. It is halved

B. It is doubled

C. Stays the same

D. It over-exposes

For a traditional head and shoulders portrait, the camera should be

A. Even with the face and the lens parallel to the ground

B. Slightly above the face and the lens tilted down slightly

C. Slight:y below the face and the lens tilted up slightly

D. Slighty above the chest and the lens parallel to the ground

Determine the correct exposure at 100 ISO for a subject in full sun.

A. F5.6 @ 125

B. F8 @ 125

C. F11 @ 125

D. F16 @ 125

Because clients tend to order a variety of sizes, which of the following would provide the best practice for accommodating a variety of crops?

A. Crop a bit looser in camera

B. Use a wide angle lens

C. Use full frame sensor

D. Use a cropped sensor

Tiny individual cavities on a sensor that collect varying amounts of light during an exposure are known as

A. Photosites

B. Photons

C. Bits

D. Bytes

Which of the following would provide the greatest contrast when lighting a subject?

A. A parabolic reflector close to the subject

B. An umbrella feathered toward the subject

C. A softbox close to the subject

D. A spot light bounced off a white panel

Which of the following file types provides the greatest latitude for critical color corrections?

A. RAW

B. TIFF

C. JPG

D. GIF

Why would you want to move the lens from F4 to F2.8?

A. To increase the depth of field

B. To use a slower shutter speed

C. To allow less light to reach the sensor

D. To decrease the depth of field

You are photographing a high school senior with his car. The sun is used to back-light him. Which of the following techniques should be used to produce the best result?

A. Fill flash

B. Over-expose 2 f-stops

C. Under-expose 2 f-stops

D. Subtractive lighting

What is the result when equal amounts of Cyan, Magenta and Yellow are mixed?

A. White

B. RGB

C. Adobe RGB

D. Neutral density

The process of increasing a file size by adding pixels that are created based on the tonal values of surrounding pixels, is known as

A. Chromatic aberration

B. Interpolation

C. Sharpening

D. Image Tiling

When editing a digital image taken in a low light situation, which adjustment needs to be performed in order to remove the undesired little red, green and blue film grain -like effect in the image?

A. Desaturate

B. Luminance

C. Color balance

D. Noise reduction

Which file type is best suited for images that will be presented on the web?

A. PSD

B. PDF

C. TIFF

D. JPG

When using a flash, the sync speed is determined by

A. The output of the flash

B. The fill light

C. The camera manufacturer

D. The flash manufacturer

A photographer is working to capture a baseball game with a 200mm lens. The photographer decides to add a 2x converter to increase the lens's net focal length to 400mm. What impact will the photographer have to consider when using the converter?

A. The 2X converter reduces the exposure by 2 stops

B. The 2X converter increases the exposure by two

C. The 2X converter will make the images appear sharper

D. The 2X converter will record the scene with added contrast

Which line has the shutter speeds in the correct order?

A. 1 - 2 - 8 - 15 - 60 - 125 - 250 - 500 - 1000

B. 1 - 2 - 4 - 8 - 15 - 30 - 125 - 250 - 500 - 1000

C. 1 - 2 - 8 - 15 - 30 - 60 - 125 - 250 - 1000

D. 1 - 2 - 4 - 8 - 15 - 30 - 60 - 125 - 250 - 500 - 1000

The f-stops serve two purposes - what are they?

A. To control motion and control depth of field

B. To control motion and control the amount of light that reaches the sensor

C. To control the amount of light that reaches the sensor and ISO speed

D. To control the amount of light that reaches the sensor and depth of field

What is the complimentary color to green?

A. Cyan

B. Magenta

C. Yellow

D. Red

What type of exposure meter is used inside a camera?

A. Incident light

B. Reflective light

C. Color meter

D. Luminance meter

Which of the following would not help improve a "busy" background?

A. Using a telephoto lens

B. Using a high camera angle

C. Using a 28mm lens

D. Using F2.8

Because asymmetrical balance can be used to call attention to the larger of two elements, the compositional design is said to be

A. Busy

B. Unbalanced

C. Passive

D. Active

To reduce the possibility of getting dust on the camera sensor when changing lenses,

A. always place the lens cap on first

B. cover the camera with your hand

C. turn the camera off

D. keep the camera on

What is Depth of Field?

A. How far the camera can focus

B. The area in the photograph that is in focus

C. The distance in the background that is in focus

D. The distance between the camera and the subject

Warm colors in an image tend to

A. recede

B. project

C. create harmony

D. create distractions

Repeating patterns generally

A. provide separation to a contrasting shape

B. Should only be used as leading lines

C. Create foreground interest in a landscape image

D. Are a distraction to the subject

What does the ISO setting tell us?

A. What f-stop to use

B. What shutter speed to use

C. The sensor's sensitivity to light

D. Which lens to use

Moving a light source closer to a subject will change the quality of the light by making it

A. more diffused

B. harder

C. softer

D. higher in contrast

In order to achieve the correct exposure when using an electronic flash, what is the correct formula to use in order to determine the appropriate f-stop?

A. Guide number ÷ distance = f-stop

B. Distance x guide number = f-stop

C. Distance + guide number = f-stop

D. Watt seconds x distance = f-stop

What are exposure meters designed to measure?

A. highlights

B. shadows

C. medium gray

D. luminescence

What is the effective focal length of a 100mm lens on a camera with a 1.6 crop factor?

A. 60mm

B. 16mm

C. 116mm

D. 160mm

Which ISO value would create the most grain when converting a RAW file into a JPG?

A. 3200

B. 1600

C. 400

D. 200

Which of the following color spaces has the smallest gamut?

A. RGB

B. sRGB

C. Pro Photo RGB

D. CMYK

When using the rule of thirds to compose a photograph, the main subject should be placed

A. in the center

B. in the right half

C. on an intersection of lines

D. between intersecting lines

When making adjustments to individual RGB channels of a color image that has been converted to black and white, adding green will effectively

A. lighten greens and darken reds and blues.

B. darken greens and lighten reds and blues.

C. add a monochromatic green tint to the entire image.

D. add a green tint to the white values of the black and white image.

How many pixels is one "megapixel"?

A. 1000 pixels

B. 10,000 pixels

C. 100,000 pixels

D. 1 million pixels

For long-term storage of images, it is best practice to consider

A. High humidity and cold storage

B. Low humidity and warm storage

C. Low humidity and cold storage

D. High humidity and warm storage

What is the result when equal amounts of Red, Green and Blue light are mixed?

A. Neutral Density

B. CMYK

C. White light

D. Proper exposure

What is used to standardize the color values of an image seen on a monitor with the output of a printer?

A. Pigment inks

B. Monitor profile

C. ICC profile

D. Color space

One of the best ways to visually emphasize texture in a composition is to

A. Contrast it to an opposite texture

B. isolate the texture in the image

C. Repeat the texture throughout the image

D. Eliminate any competing textures within the image

The range of colors that can be captured or reproduced by any device is known as

A. dynamic range

B. gamut

C. luminance

D. hue

Which of the following is the best choice for photographing a subject in mixed lighting?

A. Set the while balance to "Daylight"

B. Photograph in RAW and correct during image editing

C. Choose the "Kelvin" setting and set the camera to 5500K

D. Set the camera to "AWB" and let the camera determine the white balance

Red is a combination of which of the following two subtractive colors of light?

A. Magenta and Yellow

B. Cyan and Blue

C. Blue and Yellow

D. Magenta and Cyan

When posing families, a strong compositional design choice would be

A. Oval

B. Triangle

C. Straight line

D. Asymmetrical

Which or the following is best suited for creating subtle changes in the softening of skin in an image?

A. Use a blending mode

B. Use an adjustment layer and reduce the opacity

C. Use a clipping mask

D. Use a "Gaussian Blur" on a background layer

What is the slowest shutter speed that you should use if you are hand-holding your camera?

A. 1/250 with a 200mm lens

B. 1/125 with a 28mm lens

C. 1/125 with a 50mm lens

D. 1/60 with a 150mm lens

Photographing a waterfall through an over-hanging tree limb is an example of

A. Depth of field

B. Framing

C. Balance

D. Rule of thirds

What would a photographer need to know in order to know a lens' effective focal length on a camera with a cropped sensor?

A. The widest aperture of the lens

B. The smallest aperture of the lens

C. The widest aperture of the lens and the focal length of the lens

D. The camera's multiplication factor and the focal length of the lens

What additive light is produced when equal amounts of pure red and green lights are mixed?

A. white

B. yellow

C. cyan

D. blue

If a flash measures F16 at full power and at 10 feet from the subject, what power setting would be required to have the flash measure F16 when placed 5 feet from the subject?

A. 1/2 power

B. 1/4 power

C. 1/8 power

D. 1/16 power

A seriously under-exposed image will show the tonal values on the histogram

A. on the far right

B. on the far left

C. directly in the center

D. spread evenly throughout the graph

To create a silhouette of a cowboy on horseback,

A. Expose for the shadows in the background

B. Expose for the shadows on the subject

C. Expose for the brightest point of the background

D. Expose for the highlights on the subject

Because clients tend to order a variety of sizes, which of the following would provide the best practice for accommodating a variety of crops?

A. Crop a bit looser in camera

B. Use a wide angle lens

C. Use full frame sensor

D. Use a cropped sensor

Which of the following might be a good choice to help eliminate distractions in the background of an outdoor location?

A. Use a wide angle lens

B. Use F16

C. Use a higher camera angle

D. Compose the subject using the rule of thirds

If the flash output at 10 feet is F11, what would be the new output if the flash was set to 1/8 power?

A. F22

B. F11

C. F4

D. F2.8

Symmetry can be a desirable compositional design, but it is considered to be "passive" because it does not create

A. Tension

B. Strength

C. Balance

D. Interest

The main light is placed at 45 degrees from the subject and set to F8. The fill light is placed behind the camera. How will it need to be set to create a 3:1 ratio on the subject?

A. F8

B. F5.6

C. F4

D. F2.8

An incident meter measures light

A. by averaging the light within the entire scene

B. falling on the camera sensor

C. falling on the subject

D. reflecting from the subject

When creating a portrait with the subject in the basic pose (C-curve), the subject's head would

A. tilt towards the low shoulder

B. tilt towards the high shoulder

C. turn squarely toward the camera

D. turn to a profile view

Why would you want to change the shutter speed from 1/60 to 1/250?

A. To increase the depth of field

B. To use a slower shutter speed

C. To "freeze" a moving object

D. To "blur" a moving objec

Which line has the f-stops in the correct order?

A. 1.4 - 2.8 - 4 - 5.6 - 8 - 16 - 22 - 32

B. 1.4 - 2 - 2.8 - 4 - 5.6 - 8 - 16 - 22 - 32

C. 1.4 - 2 - 2.8 - 4 - 5.6 - 8 - 11 - 16 - 22 - 32

D. 1.4 - 2.8 - 4 - 5.6 - 8 - 11 - 16 - 22 - 32

What are “equivalent exposures”?

A. Exposures equal to the ISO

B. Exposures that yield the same amount of light onto the sensor

C. Exposures where the f-stop stays the same and only the shutter speed changes

D. Exposures where the shutter speed stays the same and only the f-stop changes

A filter which reduces the reflection of non-metallic surfaces is known as a

A. 1A Skylight

B. FLD

C. Polarizer

D. Neuteral Density

What happens to the depth of field when you move the lens from F11 to F16?

A. The background becomes more sharp

B. The foreground and the background become less sharp

C. The foreground and the background become more sharp

D. The foreground becomes less sharp

What would be the result of changing from 16 to 8 bit color space?

A. The colors would become lighter

B. The colors would become darker

C. The gamut of available colors would be reduced

D. The gamut of available colors would be increased

What are exposure meters designed to measure?

A. highlights

B. shadows

C. medium gray

D. luminescence

Which of the following would be the most appropriate resolution for a color brochure printed on a 4-color press?

A. 72 PPI

B. 150 PPI

C. 240 PPI

D. 300 PPI

If a flash measures F11 at full power and at 10 feet from the subject, what power setting would be required to have the flash measure F8 when placed 5 feet from the subject?

A. 1/2 power

B. 1/4 power

C. 1/8 power

D. 1/16 power

With the main light set to F11 and placed at 45° to the subject and the fill located behind the camera, what would be the output of the fill need to be to get a 2:1 lighting ratio at the subject?

A. F4

B. F5.6

C. F8

D. F11

Which of the following shutter speeds would most likely be appropriate to get the sharpest images of an outdoor soccer game being played in full sun?

A. 1/60

B. 1/125

C. 1/250

D. 1/500

The hair light, when used as a proper accent light, does its job best when it is positioned

A. high and in front of the subject's head to produce strong highlights in the hair

B. high and behind the subject's head to produce some subtle highlights in the hair

C. high to the left side of the subject's head if when the subject is turned to the left

D. high to the right side of the subject's head if when the subject is turned to the left

The process of increasing a file size by adding pixels that are created based on the tonal values of surrounding pixels, is known as

A. Chromatic aberration

B. Interpolation

C. Sharpening

D. Image Tiling

A portrait of an executive has been taken outdoors with a digital camera. The image looked fine on the LCD viewer. The next photograph of the executive is taken in an office building. This time the LCD image appears green. Before continuing the photo session, what is the most efficient way to correct this problem?

A. Use a 80B blue filter

B. Attach a neutral density filter

C. Reset the white balance to tungston

D. Reset the white balance to flourescent

A camera can get closer in order to focus on an object by adding distance between the focal plane and the lens with the use of

A. step up rings

B. teleconverters

C. 80C Filter

D. extension tubes

Negative space in a composition can be used to present the subject by

A. leaving plenty of room to crop

B. creating a balanced compostion

C. contrasting colors in the negative space with the colors worn by the subject

D. creating a symmetrical composition

Which of the following is a desirable use of leading lines in an image?

A. To lead the viewer's eye out of the image

B. To divide the image into thirds

C. To lead the viewer's eye from the foreground to the background

D. To lead the viewer's eye toward the subject

The hair light, when used as a proper accent light, does its job best when it is positioned

A. high and in front of the subject's head to produce strong highlights in the hair.

B. high and behind the subject's head to produce some subtle highlights in the hair.

C. high to the left side of the subject's head if when the subject is turned to the left.

D. high to the right side of the subject's head if when the subject is turned to the left.

The technique for capturing relatively sharp images of a motorcycle rider by tracking the movement of the rider during a slow shutter speed exposure is known as

A. Panning

B. Tilt-shifting

C. Hyperfocal distance

D. Cumulitive exposure

PPI defines

A. The printed resolution of an image

B. The digital resolution of an image

C. The bit depth of an image

D. The dynamic range of an image

Which of the following may be responsible for introducing "digital artifacts"?

A. Over-sharpening

B. Converting to black and white

C. Creating multiple layers

D. Capturing images with the lens wide open

The paper with the widest tonal range from black to white would be

A. luster

B. glossy

C. matte

D. uncoated

The word "pixels" is derived from combining the words...

A. Pixellization and Elementary

B. Pixellization and Element

C. Picture and Element

D. Picture and Elementary

Given F8 @ 1/125, what would the new shutter speed need to be if you moved the f-stop to F5.6?

A. 1/250

B. 1/60

C. 1/500

D. 1/30

A client wants a close-up image, with minimal distortion, of an engagement ring. Which of the following lens types should be used?

A. wide-angle

B. normal

C. macro

D. telephoto

When considering the longevity of a printed image, a photographer should consider using

A. Inks made of dyes

B. Inks made of pigments

C. Water-based inks

D. Organic inks

"Fringes" of color along the edges separating dark and very bright values in an images is known as

A. Chromatic Aberration

B. Artifacts

C. Moire

D. Barrel distortion

You are photographing a 30 story building for a real estate client, and the building appears much larger at the bottom than it does at the top. What specialty lens would allow you to correct this issue so that the building is straight from top to bottom?

A. A wide angle lens

B. A telephoto lens

C. A tilt-shift lens

D. A normal lens

Which of the following tools would work best for working an image to place additional emphasis on the subject by darkening the corners and surrounding areas?

A. Contrast adjustments

B. Clone Tool

C. Burn Tool

D. Dodge Tool

If the flash output at 10 feet measures F11, how much would the flash power need to be reduced to get a reading of F5.6?

A. 2x

B. 4x

C. 8x

D. 16x

The shutter speeds serve two purposes - what are they?

A. To control motion and control depth of field

B. To control motion and control the amount of light that reaches the sensor

C. To control the amount of light that reaches the sensor and ISO speed

D. control the amount of light that reaches the sensor and depth of field

The layer of tiny filters in an alternating pattern of green, red and blue which covers the sensor is know as...

A. The infrared filter

B. The CC filters

C. The Bayer Array

D. The pixel reflectors

A landscape photographer will increase the sharpness of the background by employing this technique for determining a point of focus:

A. Focusing on the main subject and opening the lens by one stop

B. Focusing past the main subject at the hyperfocal distance

C. Focusing in front of the main subject and opening the lens by one stop

D. Focusing on the subject and using a telephoto lens

A photographer has elected to photograph a pilot with a 747 airplane in the background. To create balanced perspective of the pilot in relation to the plane,

A. Position the pilot near the plane and use a wide-angle lens

B. Position the pilot away from the plane and use a telephoto lens

C. Position the pilot away from the plane and use a wide-angle lens

D. Position the pilot near the plane and use a telephoto lens

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Steve Kozak, Photographic Artist